The ATMOsphere Review Panel has announced its case study selections for the upcoming ATMOsphere Europe 2015 conference. Carrier Transicold, Thermo King, Green & Cool, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, AF Consulting, Johnson Controls, boostHEAT, ENEA and Green Cooling will present their CO2 technology covering a variety of applications such as CO2 transport refrigeration, ice rinks, heat pumps, meat processing and food service refrigeration.
The 6th edition of ATMOsphere Europe will feature a number of parallel technology case study session covering commercial refrigeration, heat pumps, industrial refrigeration and other applications. The following case studies will be presented at the event:
Efficient and sustainable transport refrigeration unit using CO2 by Lionel Pourcheresse, Carrier
Already in 1998, Carrier selected the E-Drive concept for its trailer solution, as the E-Drive technology allows for the use of a fully hermetic refrigeration circuit, a mandatory step for switching to a CO2 close loop system. In 2014, together with Sainsbury’s, Carrier began field trials of the first trailer refrigeration system based on a NaturaLINE™ unit. For over a year now, the unit has operated successfully, transporting frozen food with an extremely high level of reliability, efficiency and performance.
At the International Motor Show (IAA) Cars 2014, Carrier Transicold presented a new E-Drive natural refrigerant trailer prototype. The Natural Refrigerant Trailer refrigeration prototype is a refrigeration unit dedicated to road transport using natural refrigerants in a closed-loop system that helps users to achieve their carbon footprint reduction target by reducing the impact of the refrigeration system without compromising reliability or performance. Even if the system price is initially higher than current or partially improved systems (GWP less than 2500), the leakage check costs, taxes on refrigerants and refrigerant price versatility are factors that will not impact natural refrigerant systems, which increases the competitiveness and viability of using natural refrigerants.
CO2 sustainable delivery operations with CryoTech temperature controlled solutions by Anthony Bour, Thermo King
Thermo King will present its CryoTech technology for transport refrigeration, which uses liquid R744 in an open-loop system, delivering efficient refrigeration and significant reductions in emissions while improving performance compared to conventional diesel-powered units. The recovered R744 used for cooling is obtained as a by-product of industrial processes that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere. As such, there are no new CO2 emissions during operation of the CryoTech system. The technology reduces the transport refrigeration equipment carbon footprint by up to 90% compared to conventional refrigeration units.
This case study will highlight an example with Delhaize Belgium, the first retailer in Belgium to use CryoTech technology. Estimations have shown that the CryoTech equipped Delhaize trailers use only 25% of the total energy and generate 75% fewer emissions than an equal-sized domestic refrigerator. The scope of the project includes the installation of Thermo King CT15 units on 10 normal trailers with a length of 13.6 meters and on five city trailers with a length of 10.5 meters.
First transcritical CO2 ice rink in Europe by Kent Hofmann, Green & Cool and Jörgen Rogstam, Energi & Kylanalys
The newly renovated ice rink in Gimo, Sweden, began operation in September 2014 with a new energy management system based on transcritical CO2 refrigeration. This put the new and improved ice rink on the map as the first in Europe to use pure CO2 technology.
To utilize the heat recovery potential of CO2 fully, a heat reclaim system was designed and adapted to fit the properties of CO2. A further special feature of this CO2 application is the geothermal connection, which provides a “warm climate” as well as a “cold climate” solution. Firstly, the sub-cooling improves the energy efficiency in warm climate conditions. Later, the very same heat can be utilised as heat source during cold weather conditions to boost the heat reclaim. After three months of operation, the results at the ice rink in Gimo look very promising, achieving energy savings for the municipality of about 600 000 kWh a year, corresponding to over 60% energy cost reduction.
HOTREC CO2 refrigeration - Canary Wharf London by Green Cooling by Garry Broadbent and David Blinkhorn, Green Cooling
This case study focuses on the creation of a new 1,500 cover restaurant to cater to a new refurbished office complex located in a high rise tower at the Canary Wharf business area in London’s docklands. To ensure the highest levels of operational performance and efficiency, Green Cooling specified CO2 as the refrigerant operating within the refrigeration system. A twin refrigeration Enex CO2 pack design utilising a total of 6 Dorin compressors was chosen. In addition, a 4,500 litre hot water production system was incorporated within the CO2 system design to ‘upcycle’ and reuse the waste heat from the refrigeration system to provide an increased level of overall system efficiency. The case study will show how Green Cooling was able to design and specify their integrated cooling and heating system.
Transcritical R744 for food industry by Paul Rivet, AF Consulting
AF Consulting will present a case study about a freezing factory, which has produced frozen cooked small fish portions called “bouchons” since mid 2014. The plant includes two continuous freezers with a capacity of 350 kW at -40°C, frozen storage rooms (100 kW capacity at -25°C) and working areas for 150 kW at +8/+10°C. Such plants usually use ammonia as the refrigerant; however, this particular case employs transcritical CO2. The transcritical CO2 system provides advantages when the evaporation temperature is low. Especially the need for heat for cooking is important, which must take place at the same time as freezing. The case study highlights the benefits of the CO2 system compared to other systems including ammonia systems.
Fribin: energy efficiency combined with increased safety thanks to CO2 refrigeration by Juan Carlos Rodríguez, Johnson Controls
To improve the quality of the production and reduce long-term operational costs, Fribin sought operational reliability through carefully controlled temperature facilities. By reducing the production and energy costs, Fribin would increase its competitiveness and its green credentials. Reliable equipment would prevent product contamination and reinforce employee's safety in case of a leakage. The Johnson Controls Engineering team has worked closely with the Fribin Engineering and Maintenance team on a solution saving up to 2.600.000 kilowatt a year and realising €380.000 savings. Improving the overall performance of the plant, the new equipment allows Fribin to deliver top-quality meat to its customers and provide a safe working environment for its employees.
CO2 heat-pump water heater for commercial use - case studies from Japan by Masatomo Kosaka, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) will present its two-stage compressor for commercial CO2 heat-pump water heaters. Employing the world’s first combination of rotary and scroll mechanisms and intermediate gas injection, it realised high reliability and high efficiency under a wide range of conditions. The Q-ton, a commercial CO2 heat-pump water heater equipped with the developed compressor, achieved a significantly improved heating capacity and COP and made it possible to introduce heat-pump water heaters in cold regions, which has always posed difficulties. On the actual site , the energy costs were reduced by the approximately 50%. In this case study, MHI will discuss the product and the actual energy-saving results. As a real site example, MHI will highlight cases of a hotel, a factory and a care home for elderly.
boostHEAT natural gas-fuelled CO2 heat pump by Michael Miranda, boostHEAT
boostHeat will present its heat pump boiler, a very efficient and renewable heating and domestic hot water system for domestic applications, fuelled by natural gas and renewable energy. The Heat Pump Boiler uses a new technology, the boostHEAT Thermal Compressor to activate an air-water CO2 heat pump, which uses thermal energy provided by a burner, instead of mechanical energy, to increase the pressure of the heat pump working fluid. The case study will cover the characteristics and potential of the Heat Pump Boiler, the technology and test results.
Development of CO2 heat pump for DHW production suitable for European climates by Raniero Trinchieri, ENEA
This study presents the results of the first experimental campaign on a 30 kW air source heat pump prototype for domestic hot water production within the NxtHPG (Next Heat Pump Generation) European project. One of objectives of the project is the development of reliable, safe, high capacity CO2 heat pumps with high efficiency (10-20% more than the current state of the art HFCs/HFOs or sorption heat pumps), a low Carbon footprint (20% improvement in TEWI) and costs very similar or only slightly higher than existing systems (10%).
For the execution of the experimental campaign, which was conducted at the test facility “Calorimeter ENEA”, the prototype was equipped with temperature and pressure sensors, mass flow meters and an electrical power measuring device so that component performances and the COP of heat pump could be evaluated.
To read the full abstracts for the case studies listed above, as well as for case studies selected for other applications, please have a look at the following articles:
First round of case studies selected for ATMOsphere Europe
New round of case studies selected for ATMOsphere Europe
ATMOsphere review board announces final case study selections
Efficient and sustainable transport refrigeration unit using CO2 by Lionel Pourcheresse, Carrier
Already in 1998, Carrier selected the E-Drive concept for its trailer solution, as the E-Drive technology allows for the use of a fully hermetic refrigeration circuit, a mandatory step for switching to a CO2 close loop system. In 2014, together with Sainsbury’s, Carrier began field trials of the first trailer refrigeration system based on a NaturaLINE™ unit. For over a year now, the unit has operated successfully, transporting frozen food with an extremely high level of reliability, efficiency and performance.
At the International Motor Show (IAA) Cars 2014, Carrier Transicold presented a new E-Drive natural refrigerant trailer prototype. The Natural Refrigerant Trailer refrigeration prototype is a refrigeration unit dedicated to road transport using natural refrigerants in a closed-loop system that helps users to achieve their carbon footprint reduction target by reducing the impact of the refrigeration system without compromising reliability or performance. Even if the system price is initially higher than current or partially improved systems (GWP less than 2500), the leakage check costs, taxes on refrigerants and refrigerant price versatility are factors that will not impact natural refrigerant systems, which increases the competitiveness and viability of using natural refrigerants.
CO2 sustainable delivery operations with CryoTech temperature controlled solutions by Anthony Bour, Thermo King
Thermo King will present its CryoTech technology for transport refrigeration, which uses liquid R744 in an open-loop system, delivering efficient refrigeration and significant reductions in emissions while improving performance compared to conventional diesel-powered units. The recovered R744 used for cooling is obtained as a by-product of industrial processes that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere. As such, there are no new CO2 emissions during operation of the CryoTech system. The technology reduces the transport refrigeration equipment carbon footprint by up to 90% compared to conventional refrigeration units.
This case study will highlight an example with Delhaize Belgium, the first retailer in Belgium to use CryoTech technology. Estimations have shown that the CryoTech equipped Delhaize trailers use only 25% of the total energy and generate 75% fewer emissions than an equal-sized domestic refrigerator. The scope of the project includes the installation of Thermo King CT15 units on 10 normal trailers with a length of 13.6 meters and on five city trailers with a length of 10.5 meters.
First transcritical CO2 ice rink in Europe by Kent Hofmann, Green & Cool and Jörgen Rogstam, Energi & Kylanalys
The newly renovated ice rink in Gimo, Sweden, began operation in September 2014 with a new energy management system based on transcritical CO2 refrigeration. This put the new and improved ice rink on the map as the first in Europe to use pure CO2 technology.
To utilize the heat recovery potential of CO2 fully, a heat reclaim system was designed and adapted to fit the properties of CO2. A further special feature of this CO2 application is the geothermal connection, which provides a “warm climate” as well as a “cold climate” solution. Firstly, the sub-cooling improves the energy efficiency in warm climate conditions. Later, the very same heat can be utilised as heat source during cold weather conditions to boost the heat reclaim. After three months of operation, the results at the ice rink in Gimo look very promising, achieving energy savings for the municipality of about 600 000 kWh a year, corresponding to over 60% energy cost reduction.
HOTREC CO2 refrigeration - Canary Wharf London by Green Cooling by Garry Broadbent and David Blinkhorn, Green Cooling
This case study focuses on the creation of a new 1,500 cover restaurant to cater to a new refurbished office complex located in a high rise tower at the Canary Wharf business area in London’s docklands. To ensure the highest levels of operational performance and efficiency, Green Cooling specified CO2 as the refrigerant operating within the refrigeration system. A twin refrigeration Enex CO2 pack design utilising a total of 6 Dorin compressors was chosen. In addition, a 4,500 litre hot water production system was incorporated within the CO2 system design to ‘upcycle’ and reuse the waste heat from the refrigeration system to provide an increased level of overall system efficiency. The case study will show how Green Cooling was able to design and specify their integrated cooling and heating system.
Transcritical R744 for food industry by Paul Rivet, AF Consulting
AF Consulting will present a case study about a freezing factory, which has produced frozen cooked small fish portions called “bouchons” since mid 2014. The plant includes two continuous freezers with a capacity of 350 kW at -40°C, frozen storage rooms (100 kW capacity at -25°C) and working areas for 150 kW at +8/+10°C. Such plants usually use ammonia as the refrigerant; however, this particular case employs transcritical CO2. The transcritical CO2 system provides advantages when the evaporation temperature is low. Especially the need for heat for cooking is important, which must take place at the same time as freezing. The case study highlights the benefits of the CO2 system compared to other systems including ammonia systems.
Fribin: energy efficiency combined with increased safety thanks to CO2 refrigeration by Juan Carlos Rodríguez, Johnson Controls
To improve the quality of the production and reduce long-term operational costs, Fribin sought operational reliability through carefully controlled temperature facilities. By reducing the production and energy costs, Fribin would increase its competitiveness and its green credentials. Reliable equipment would prevent product contamination and reinforce employee's safety in case of a leakage. The Johnson Controls Engineering team has worked closely with the Fribin Engineering and Maintenance team on a solution saving up to 2.600.000 kilowatt a year and realising €380.000 savings. Improving the overall performance of the plant, the new equipment allows Fribin to deliver top-quality meat to its customers and provide a safe working environment for its employees.
CO2 heat-pump water heater for commercial use - case studies from Japan by Masatomo Kosaka, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) will present its two-stage compressor for commercial CO2 heat-pump water heaters. Employing the world’s first combination of rotary and scroll mechanisms and intermediate gas injection, it realised high reliability and high efficiency under a wide range of conditions. The Q-ton, a commercial CO2 heat-pump water heater equipped with the developed compressor, achieved a significantly improved heating capacity and COP and made it possible to introduce heat-pump water heaters in cold regions, which has always posed difficulties. On the actual site , the energy costs were reduced by the approximately 50%. In this case study, MHI will discuss the product and the actual energy-saving results. As a real site example, MHI will highlight cases of a hotel, a factory and a care home for elderly.
boostHEAT natural gas-fuelled CO2 heat pump by Michael Miranda, boostHEAT
boostHeat will present its heat pump boiler, a very efficient and renewable heating and domestic hot water system for domestic applications, fuelled by natural gas and renewable energy. The Heat Pump Boiler uses a new technology, the boostHEAT Thermal Compressor to activate an air-water CO2 heat pump, which uses thermal energy provided by a burner, instead of mechanical energy, to increase the pressure of the heat pump working fluid. The case study will cover the characteristics and potential of the Heat Pump Boiler, the technology and test results.
Development of CO2 heat pump for DHW production suitable for European climates by Raniero Trinchieri, ENEA
This study presents the results of the first experimental campaign on a 30 kW air source heat pump prototype for domestic hot water production within the NxtHPG (Next Heat Pump Generation) European project. One of objectives of the project is the development of reliable, safe, high capacity CO2 heat pumps with high efficiency (10-20% more than the current state of the art HFCs/HFOs or sorption heat pumps), a low Carbon footprint (20% improvement in TEWI) and costs very similar or only slightly higher than existing systems (10%).
For the execution of the experimental campaign, which was conducted at the test facility “Calorimeter ENEA”, the prototype was equipped with temperature and pressure sensors, mass flow meters and an electrical power measuring device so that component performances and the COP of heat pump could be evaluated.
To read the full abstracts for the case studies listed above, as well as for case studies selected for other applications, please have a look at the following articles:
First round of case studies selected for ATMOsphere Europe
New round of case studies selected for ATMOsphere Europe
ATMOsphere review board announces final case study selections
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Mar 03, 2015, 14:42
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